The thyroid gland is an important endocrine gland located in the neck and is the site for production of thyroid hormones. The synthesis of thyroid hormones is under the hypothalamus-pituitary control similar to other hormonal axes. Iodine is a major substrate for the synthesis of thyroid hormones and is derived mostly from the environment. The relation of iodine and goiter is known for many centuries leading to the universal salt iodination program to limit the detrimental effects of iodine deficiency.
Previous observations also suggest the presence of goitrogenic substances in the diet, identifying an important role of dietary constituents in thyroidology. Thyroid disorders are very common in the society, affecting about 10-15% of the population. Universal salt iodization helped in the prevention of goiter and other iodine deficiency disorders. iron, vitamin A and zinc also plays an important part of thyroid hormone synthesis. Hence, dietary intake of all these micronutrients is essential for the functioning of the thyroid gland.
Start with these seven strategies to jump-start weight loss with hypothyroidism:
1. Consider going gluten-free.
2. Cut out simple carbs and sugars.
3. Eat more anti-inflammatory foods
4. Stick to small, frequent meals.
5. Keep a food diary.
6. Keep your body moving (do physical exercise)
7. Take thyroid medication as directed
Foods to avoid
Many common foods and supplements contain compounds that interfere with thyroid function. In general, it’s best to avoid the following:
Soya
Studies suggest that phytoestrogens in soybeans and soy-rich foods may inhibit the activity of an enzyme that makes thyroid hormones. One study found that women who consumed soy supplements were three times more likely to develop hypothyroidism.
Iodine-rich foods
Some forms of hypothyroidism are caused by a lack of sufficient iodine. In such cases, using iodized salt or iodine-enriched foods can be beneficial. But eating too much iodine can have the opposite effect and suppress thyroid gland activity. Check with your doctor before taking supplements.
Iron and calcium supplements
Taking iron or calcium supplements can also change the effectiveness of many thyroid medications.
High-fiber foods
Although a high-fiber diet is usually recommended, too much fiber eaten right after taking thyroid medicines may interfere with their absorption. Wait two hours before you eat a high-fiber meal (one with more than about 15 grams of fiber).
Certain vegetables
Cruciferous vegetables that are rich in fiber, like broccoli, cabbage, spinach, kale, and Brussels sprouts, may inhibit thyroid medication absorption. Reducing the amounts of such produce in the morning right after taking your medication may help.
Caffeine, tobacco, and alcohol can also influence the effectiveness of thyroid medicine. Ask your doctor for tips on how to regulate or reduce your consumption.
Hypothyroidism occurs when levels of the two thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), are too low. Although changing your diet alone isn’t enough to restore normal thyroid hormone levels, avoiding some foods and eating more of others can improve your body’s absorption of these hormones.
Foods to eat
Nutrient-rich foods that improve your health may also benefit your thyroid gland. Certain compounds and supplements may help as well. These include:
Antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables
Blueberries, tomatoes, bell peppers, and other foods rich in antioxidants can improve overall health and benefit the thyroid gland. Eating foods high in B vitamins, like whole grains, may also help.
Selenium
Tiny amounts of selenium are needed for the enzymes that make thyroid hormones to work properly. Eating selenium-rich foods, such as sunflower seeds or Brazil nuts, can be beneficial.
Conclusion
Dietary micronutrients play an important role in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine remains the cornerstone with increasing focus on other nutrients like selenium and zinc. Iodine consumption is a double-edged sword with disorders emanating from both the deficiency and excess consumption. The best advice for all patients is to consume a healthy balanced diet, meet the daily iodine requirement and eliminate the most potent goitrogenic substances from the diet. There is a lot of hype behind the thyroid diet with limited scientific basis and it is advisable to follow the recommendations of the treating physician.
No comments:
Post a Comment